Artificial Intelligence and Human Psychology: Present Reality and Future Possibilities
Thiago Pinto Siqueira Campos
Laboratory of Forensic Clinical Assessment and Intervention, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Carmen Walentina Amorim Gaudêncio Bezerra
*
Laboratory of Forensic Clinical Assessment and Intervention, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.
Sayonara Pereira da Silva
Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont Institute, Macaíba, Brazil.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This brief opinion article aims to contribute to the literature about the relation between “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) and Psychology’s knowledge, considering AI here as any machine learning algorithms that process predefined instructions. This paper was guided by the following questions: a) “Is it possible, for an AI, to know someone better than themself, based on data obtained by human interaction on social media?”; b) “What are the ethical and psychological implications of the relationship built between AIs and humans?”; and c) “Can or would an AI replace a psychologist?”. From the results, it is feasible to consider that an AI can obtain more reliable impressions about one individual than himself. Although, is essential to ponder how human stereotypes affect machine classifications. There are already software capable of performing psychotherapy. However, before it happens, a screening performed by a human being is still necessary. Finally, nowadays it is impossible for an AI to understand and reproduce all human subjectivity. In addition, new questions are introduced aiming to guide other researchers to look beyond.
Keywords: labor-technology substitution, psychology, self-knowledge, automation replacement
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Melo-Dias C, Silva CF. Teoria da aprendizagem social de Bandura na formação de habilidades de conversação. Psic., Saúde and Doenças, Lisboa. 2019; 20(1)101-113.
Available:http://www.scielo.mec.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1645-00862019000100008&lng=pt&nrm=iso
Accessed on February 16, 2021.
Krupiy T. A vulnerability analysis: Theorising the impact of artificial intelligence decision-making processes on individuals, society and human diversity from a social justice perspective. Computer Law and Security Review, Southampton. 2020;38.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267364920300340
Accessed on February 15, 2021.
Mackenzie A. The production of prediction: What does machine learning want? European Journal of Cultural Studies, Boston. 2015;18(4-5):429-455.
Available: The production of prediction: What does machine learning want? - Adrian Mackenzie, 2015 (sagepub.com).
Accessed on February 15, 2021.
Ayvaz S, Alpay K. Predictive maintenance system for production lines in manufacturing: A machine learning approach using IoT data in real-time. Expert Systems with Applications, Louisiana. 2021;173.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957417421000397
Accessed on February 16, 2021.
Russell S, Novig P. Artificial intelligence a modern approach. Third Edition. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. 2010; 1132.
Accessed on March 29, 2021.
Anyoha R. Can Machines Think? In: Havard University the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Science in The News [Internet] [S.I]. [about 7 screens]; 2017.
[Cited 2021 Mar 30].
Available:https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2017/history-artificial-intelligence/
Accessed on March 30, 2021.
Siebert JU, Kunz RE, Rolf P. Effects of proactive decision making on life satisfaction. European Journal of Operational Research, Poznan. 2020;280: 1171-1187.
Accessed on February 17, 2021.
Esposito A, Esposito AM, Vogel C. Needs and challenges in human computer interaction for processing social emotional information. Pattern Recognition Letters, Rome. 2015;1-11.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865515000616
Accessed on February 17, 2021.
Wang JX. Meta-learning in natural and artificial intelligence. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Michigan. 2021;38: 90-95.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352154621000024
Accessed on February 17, 2021.
Chowanda A, Sutoyo R, Meiliana, Tanachutiwat S. Exploring text-based emotions recognition machine learning techniques on social media conversation. Procedia Computer Science, Manchester. 2021179:821-828.
Accessed on February 16, 2021.
Ivanova E, Borzunov G. Optimization of machine learning algorithm of emotion recognition in terms of human facial expressions. Procedia Computer Science, Manchester. 2020;169:244-248.
Accessed on February 16, 2021.
Bar-Anan Y, Wilson TD, Hassin RR. Inaccurate self-knowledge formation as a result of automatic behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Canterbury. 2010;46:884-894.
Accessed on February 18, 2021.
Windasari NA, Lin FR, Kato-Lin YC. Continued use of wearable fitness technology: A value co-creation perspective. International Journal of Information Management, Swansea. 2021; 57.
Accessed on February 17, 2021.
D’alfonso S. AI in mental health. Current Opinion in Psychology, Amsterdam. 2020; 36:112-117.
Accessed on February 18, 2021.
Langer A, Feingold-Polak R, Mueller O, Kellmeyer P, Levy-Tzedek S. Trust in socially assistive robots: Considerations for use in rehabilitation. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, Beer-Sheva. 2019; 104:231-239.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014976341930199X?via%3Dihub
Accessed on February 18, 2021.
Noriega M. The application of artificial intelligence in police interrogations: Na analysis addressing the proposed effect AI has on racial and gender bias, cooperation and false confessions. Futures, Bristol. 2020;117.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016328719303726?via%3Dihub
Accessed on February 18, 2021.
Keskinbora KH. Medical ethics considerations on artificial intelligence. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Instanbul. 2019;64:277-282.
Accessed on February 18, 2021.
Nilsson NJ, Cook SB. Artificial intelligence: Its impacts on human occupations and distribution of income. Computer Compacts. 1984;2(1): 9-12.
Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0167713684900726
Accessed on February 19, 2021.
Um Q, Chen Y, Wang J. Deciphering Brain Complexity Using Single-cell Sequencing. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics, Hong Kong. 2019;17:344-366.
Accessed on February 19, 2021.
Kaltenthaler E, Cavanagh K. Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy and its uses. Progress in Neurology and Psychitry, Pennsylvania. 2010;14(3):22- 29.
Available:https://wchh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pnp.163
Acessed on March 30, 2021.